{"id":27048,"date":"2025-09-10T12:33:30","date_gmt":"2025-09-10T10:33:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/building-your-own-electric-bike-archived-project\/"},"modified":"2025-09-10T12:33:30","modified_gmt":"2025-09-10T10:33:30","slug":"building-your-own-electric-bike-archived-project","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/en\/building-your-own-electric-bike-archived-project\/","title":{"rendered":"Building your own electric bike: an archived project"},"content":{"rendered":"<aside class=\"buffy-archive-notice\" role=\"note\">\n<p><strong>Archive article: a personal build with equipment, prices and performance figures reported at the time. It does not confirm current offers or permission to use the vehicle on public roads. Check the complete vehicle\u2019s category, compliance and insurance before use.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;color: #365f91;font-size: 36pt\">Building <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold;color: #365f91;font-size: 36pt\">your own<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/en\/the-electric-bikes-built-by-our-customers\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;color: #365f91;font-size: 36pt\"> electric bike<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">The original article mentioned a YouTube video of the build. The video is no longer embedded here; the construction photographs remain below. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"Building your own electric bike\" src=\"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2016\/10\/1475654944_image1.jpeg.webp\" alt=\"Building your own electric bike\" width=\"2448\" height=\"3264\" data-link=\"\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"Building your own electric bike\" src=\"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2016\/10\/1475654944_image2.jpeg.webp\" alt=\"Building your own electric bike\" width=\"2448\" height=\"3264\" data-link=\"\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"Building your own electric bike\" src=\"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/image3-2.jpeg-2.jpeg\" alt=\"Building your own electric bike\" width=\"5344\" height=\"4008\" data-link=\"\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Building your own electric bike\" src=\"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2016\/10\/1475654944_image4.jpeg.webp\" width=\"344.6px \" height=\"291.266666666667px \" data-link=\"\" title=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u201cAn electric bike? That\u2019s for lazy people!\u201d That was what I used to tell myself whenever a woman in her eighties overtook me on an unrestricted 2-wheeler! I insisted on getting around using only my legs, and put up with arriving at work in a sweat-soaked T-shirt. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"Titre-H\">Why ride an electric bike? <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Lgende-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Lgende-H\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">Table <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">1<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">: Advantages and disadvantages of a conventional bicycle<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_3_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"3\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\"><span style=\"font-size: 7pt\">The original text cited an unreferenced study giving an average cycling speed of 14km\/h in <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 7pt\">town, compared with 12km\/h by car. These historical figures are not a guarantee for a particular journey. <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Addressing the disadvantages\u00a0<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;;margin-left: 20px\">\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_2_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"2\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\">Ultimately, an electric bike combines some of the comfort of a small motorcycle with the benefits of cycling. It can help on mornings when motivation is lacking and reduce the sweat caused by a long climb. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_2_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"2\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\">For exposure to bad weather, a good poncho helps. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Lgende-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Lgende-H\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">Table <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">: Advantages and disadvantages of an electric bike<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><!-- [if !supportMisalignedColumns]--><\/p>\n<table class=\"Listeclaire-Accent6-T\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse\" cellspacing=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"-R\" style=\"height: 0\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<div class=\"-firstRow\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr;text-indent: 36pt\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"color: #008000\">Advantages<\/span><span style=\"color: #008000\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt\">\n<div class=\"-firstRow\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">Disadvantages<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"-R\" style=\"height: 0\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt\">\n<div class=\"-band1Horz\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Transport presented as environmentally friendly in the original comparison<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt\">\n<div class=\"-band1Horz\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">May require too much physical effort<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"-R\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Agility <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">and speed <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">in town<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold;vertical-align: super\">(1)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">High exposure to bad weather <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"-R\" style=\"height: 0\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt\">\n<div class=\"-band1Horz\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Easy parking<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt\">\n<div class=\"-band1Horz\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">&#8211;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"-R\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Low maintenance costs:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;;margin-left: 20px\">\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_2_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"2\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">insurance depends on the vehicle category; check cover with your insurer<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_2_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"2\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">affordable repairs<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">&#8211;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Addressing the disadvantages\u00a0<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;;margin-left: 20px\">\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_2_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"2\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\">A good poncho still helps with bad weather, even if style suffers a little.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_2_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"2\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\">Purchase price: the original article mentioned electric bikes from 600\u20ac and around 1500\u20ac for a good-quality bike with sufficient battery range, a robust motor and a sturdy chassis. These were historical price indications, not current offers.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">There are then 2 ways to obtain this form of transport:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: decimal;;margin-left: 20px\">\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_4_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"4\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\">Pay the amount needed for the 2-wheeler of your dreams <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_4_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"4\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\">Convert a conventional bicycle into your dream 2-wheeler. The original article claimed savings of up to 1000\u20ac compared with an equivalent electric bike; this historical comparison must be checked against a current budget.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr;margin-left: 18pt\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre-H\">Building the electric bike of your dreams<\/span><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">At first I planned to convert my old racing bike into a pedal-assist electric bike. After thinking it over and researching online, I judged its old steel frame and rim brakes insufficiently robust for the weight and power of the equipment I had in mind.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"Building your own electric bike\" src=\"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2016\/10\/1475654944_image5.jpeg.webp\" alt=\"Building your own electric bike\" width=\"1898\" height=\"1368\" data-link=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Lgende-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Lgende-H\">Figure 1: Racing bike judged insufficiently robust for this build<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">I liked the retro look of Triumph motorcycles, so I set myself the challenge of starting from scratch and building a hybrid between an electric bike and a small motorcycle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre1-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre1-H\">Design requirements <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;;margin-left: 20px\">\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_2_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"2\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\">High  <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">power<\/span>, <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">high speed<\/span> with enough  <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">torque<\/span> (for good acceleration)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_2_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"2\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Strength<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_2_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"2\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Low weight <\/span>(it should be possible to carry it over short distances and take it on trains)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_2_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"2\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Modularity: <\/span>The ability <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">to maintain<\/span> and<span style=\"font-weight: bold\">upgrade<\/span>the 2-wheeler easily as future budgets allow<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"Titre1-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre1-H\">Building the mechanical components <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre2-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre2-H\">Frame<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"Building your own electric bike\" src=\"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2016\/10\/1475654944_image6.jpeg.webp\" alt=\"Building your own electric bike\" width=\"3264\" height=\"2448\" data-link=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Lgende-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Lgende-H\">Figure 2: M\u00fcsing frame<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">The chosen frame was a dirt-bike frame imported from Germany. It used reinforced aluminium tubes to provide the <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">strength <\/span>and <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">low weight<\/span> needed for the power of this build. Aluminium resists corrosion, but this does not make the complete bicycle immune to rain or remove the need for maintenance. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre2-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre2-H\">Fork<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"Building your own electric bike\" src=\"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2016\/10\/1475654944_image7.jpeg.webp\" alt=\"Building your own electric bike\" width=\"2472\" height=\"840\" data-link=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Lgende-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Lgende-H\">Figure 3: Steel fork from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ruff-cycles.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ruff-Cycles<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">Good-quality suspension forks were considered expensive, heavy and subject to faster wear, so a rigid fork was chosen. The author chose steel for its behaviour under impacts and the slight reduction in vibration from uneven roads; this choice does not replace checking the fork\u2019s suitability for the build.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre2-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre2-H\">Braking system\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"Building your own electric bike\" src=\"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2016\/10\/1475654944_image8.jpeg.webp\" alt=\"Building your own electric bike\" width=\"2448\" height=\"3264\" data-link=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Lgende-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Lgende-H\">Figure 4: Disc brakes with a diameter of 180mm<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">For this motorised build, the author chose disc brakes for effective braking. Discs of 180mm were fitted at both front and rear. The safety of braking depends on the complete system and its suitability for the vehicle, not solely on disc diameter. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">The mechanical braking system was selected for compatibility with motor cut-off and the electromagnetic braking described in the project. That system uses the motor to recover braking energy and feed it back to the battery. This function requires compatible motor, controller and battery components; it is not a feature of every kit. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre2-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre2-H\">Reinforcing the dropouts\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"Building your own electric bike\" src=\"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2016\/10\/1475654944_image9.jpeg.webp\" alt=\"Building your own electric bike\" width=\"5344\" height=\"4008\" data-link=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Lgende-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Lgende-H\">Figure 5: Torque arm used to reinforce the dropout<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">Conventional bicycle frames are not automatically suitable for high motor torque. Steel anti-rotation arms, called torque arms and also used on some motorcycles, were therefore considered for this build. Their compatibility, anchorage and axle fit must be checked for the actual frame and motor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre1-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre1-H\">Building the electrical system<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">There are several suppliers of bicycle motor conversion kits. <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Power-Ebike.fr<\/span> was described in the original article as offering powerful kits, up to 2000W and, with suitable battery and winding configurations, claimed speeds of 80km\/h. The author reported good value and responsive after-sales help with assembly. These are historical descriptions of products and the author\u2019s experience, not current availability, service or performance guarantees. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">Several build configurations are possible, depending on the user\u2019s expectations and physique. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"display: block\"><span style=\"display: none\">&#8230;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre2-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre2-H\">Expectations: choosing the motor winding<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"Electric bike motor\" src=\"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2016\/10\/1475654944_image10.jpeg.webp\" alt=\"Electric bike motor\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" data-link=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Lgende-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Lgende-H\">Figure 6: Motor winding<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">The original article distinguished several motor options:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;;margin-left: 20px\">\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_2_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"2\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\">Fast motor with less torque (350\/480), described for road-style riding<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_2_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"2\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\">High-torque motor with less speed (180&#215;280, notation from the original text), described for mountain biking<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_2_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"2\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\">Balance between torque and speed (280x38O, notation from the original text to confirm), described as versatile<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">The winding influences the motor\u2019s characteristics. The battery voltage, 36V, 48V or 60V in the article, also affects performance: under comparable conditions, higher voltage can increase rotational speed. Actual speed also depends on the controller, load and build; this is not a universal performance guarantee.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre2-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre2-H\">Rider weight: choosing the controller<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"Electric bike controller\" src=\"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2016\/10\/1475654944_image11.jpeg.webp\" alt=\"Electric bike controller\" width=\"2448\" height=\"3264\" data-link=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Lgende-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Lgende-H\">Figure 7: 17A controller<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">The rider\u2019s and bicycle\u2019s weight matter: a heavier load may require more motor torque. Current contributes to torque, but battery current and motor current must not be treated as interchangeable; the controller settings also matter. The original article listed Power E-Bike controllers of 17A, 22A, 28A and 35A. Confirm present availability and compatibility for your configuration. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">WARNING: when choosing a battery, check that it can continuously supply the maximum battery current required by the controller.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">The supplier can help identify the configuration best suited to your needs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre2-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre2-H\">Installing the motor<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"Building your own electric bike\" src=\"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2016\/10\/1475654944_image12.jpeg.webp\" alt=\"Building your own electric bike\" width=\"2448\" height=\"3264\" data-link=\"\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"Building your own electric bike\" src=\"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2016\/10\/1475654944_image13.jpeg.webp\" alt=\"Building your own electric bike\" width=\"2448\" height=\"3264\" data-link=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Lgende-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Lgende-H\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Figure 8: Motor installation<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">Kit compatibility must be checked against the actual frame, fork, axle and brakes. The original text mentioned lightly filing the dropouts to seat the axle. This must not be treated as a general instruction: have the fit checked by a competent mechanic and obtain the manufacturer\u2019s approval before modifying structural parts. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre2-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre2-H\">Installing the controller<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">The controller brings the commands together and controls the battery and motor system. It needs suitable cooling to avoid overheating, so it should not be enclosed in an airtight box without a cooling solution approved for that model. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre2-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre2-H\">Wiring connections<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">The keyed connectors described in the build simplify connections, but matching shapes alone do not establish electrical compatibility. Check the wiring diagram, pin assignments and voltages. The original article referred to assembly photographs and explanations on the manufacturer\u2019s website; obtain the documentation for the actual components.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Note<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">:<\/span>To protect the circuit against overcurrent, this build was fitted with a fuse. A fuse is not a substitute for a suitable battery, battery management system and correct wiring. A key switch was also installed to prevent unauthorised use of the electric bike. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre1-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre1-H\">Performance: some figures<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre2-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre2-H\">Range and charging<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">With a battery of <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">12 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">A.h<\/span> the author reported a range of <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">50km<\/span>approximately, while assisting the motor by pedalling regularly. For this particular build, the article used an approximate range in km based on battery capacity in A.h multiplied by <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">4<\/span>. This is not a universal conversion: voltage, usable energy and consumption also affect range. Without pedalling, in the article\u2019s \u201cmotorcycle\u201d mode, the reported range fell to <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">35km<\/span> approximately. The build also included electromagnetic braking, using the motor as a generator to recover energy into the battery when braking, subject to the components\u2019 compatibility.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">Charging the battery of <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">12A.h<\/span> was reported to take around <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">6h<\/span>. This was an example for the charger used, not a standard charging time. Use the charger and instructions specified for the actual battery.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Note\u00a0<\/span>: Battery range depends strongly on conditions including wind, temperature, rider weight and build. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre2-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre2-H\">Speed and torque<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">As discussed above, battery voltage influences motor speed and current influences torque, with controller settings and limits also involved. Actual results depend on rider weight, load and wind direction. Battery current and motor phase current must not be assumed to be identical.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">For the example using a battery of <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">48V<\/span> and a controller of <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">17A<\/span>, the article reported a maximum speed of <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">45km\/h<\/span> and climbing gradients of<span style=\"font-weight: bold\">15%<\/span> at a speed of <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">22km\/h<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre2-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre2-H\">Consumption and comparison with a city car <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Lgende-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Lgende-H\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">Table <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">3<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\">: Consumption and comparison with a city car, VW Polo 5 \u2014 historical estimates<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><!-- [if !supportMisalignedColumns]--><\/p>\n<table class=\"Listeclaire-Accent1-T\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse\" cellspacing=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"-R\" style=\"height: 0\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<div class=\"-firstRow\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr;text-indent: 36pt\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"color: #008000\">Advantages<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1pt\">\n<div class=\"-firstRow\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">Disadvantages<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"-R\" style=\"height: 0\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: none windowtext 0pt;border-bottom: none windowtext 0pt;border-left: none windowtext 0pt\">\n<div class=\"-band1Horz\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Transport presented as environmentally friendly in the original comparison<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: none windowtext 0pt;border-right: none windowtext 0pt;border-bottom: none windowtext 0pt\">\n<div class=\"-band1Horz\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"> &#8211;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"-R\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: solid #4F81BD 1pt;border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1pt\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Agility <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold\"> and speed in town <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold;vertical-align: super\">(1)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: solid #4F81BD 1pt;border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1pt\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"> High exposure to bad weather <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"-R\" style=\"height: 0\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: none windowtext 0pt;border-bottom: none windowtext 0pt;border-left: none windowtext 0pt\">\n<div class=\"-band1Horz\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Easy parking<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: none windowtext 0pt;border-right: none windowtext 0pt;border-bottom: none windowtext 0pt\">\n<div class=\"-band1Horz\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">Purchase price<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"-R\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: solid #4F81BD 1pt;border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1pt\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">The chore of commuting by car, with traffic jams and <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">drivers <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">in a bad mood<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold\"> becomes <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">wonderful rides!<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: solid #4F81BD 1pt;border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1pt\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">&#8211;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"-R\" style=\"height: 0\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: none windowtext 0pt;border-bottom: none windowtext 0pt;border-left: none windowtext 0pt\">\n<div class=\"-band1Horz\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Low maintenance costs:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;;margin-left: 20px\">\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_2_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"2\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">insurance depends on the vehicle category; check cover with your insurer<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_2_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"2\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">affordable repairs<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"pmdi_list_2_0\" class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\" data-numid=\"2\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">an electric motor with<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold\"> low motor-maintenance needs, described in the original article as almost none compared with petrol-engine oil and filter changes. The bicycle, brakes, bearings and electrical equipment still require appropriate checks and maintenance. <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: none windowtext 0pt;border-right: none windowtext 0pt;border-bottom: none windowtext 0pt\">\n<div class=\"-band1Horz\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">&#8211;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"display: block\"><span style=\"display: none\">&#8230;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Titre-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Titre-H\">What to remember <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">Building your own electric bike gives it a much greater sentimental value than buying a finished one. It also helps you understand the machine and diagnose faults. Carry out repairs only within your skills and the manufacturer\u2019s instructions; knowing the build does not mean every fault can safely be repaired at home. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">Parts may seem expensive, even when some suppliers offer good value. Cost depends heavily on the equipment chosen: hydraulic or mechanical disc brakes, an aluminium frame, suspension and so on. The author put it as a choice between the latest iPhone and riding an electric bike. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">An electric bike is not 100% environmentally impact-free. Battery manufacturing has a significant impact, and replacing car journeys can reduce some of the transport impact. The electricity used for charging also matters. The original article quoted around 76% nuclear energy in France and 20% coal in Germany; these are unsourced historical figures, not today\u2019s electricity mix. They do not establish the complete life-cycle footprint. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">The author\u2019s next aim was to acquire solar panels and build a charging station, described as \u201c100% clean\u201d in the original. That wording expressed an aim, not a verified life-cycle assessment of the panels, battery or installation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">For the author, an electric bike was not a matter of laziness, but a way to seek an alternative to the car that could be cheaper, more enjoyable and less environmentally burdensome, depending on use and equipment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">If you have questions about building your electric bike, feel free to ask them in the comments. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Paragraphedeliste-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Paragraphedeliste-H\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!-- [if !supportMisalignedColumns]--><\/p>\n<table class=\"Listeclaire-Accent1-T\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse\" cellspacing=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"-R\" style=\"height: 0\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<div class=\"-firstRow\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr;text-indent: 36pt\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">E-Bike<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1pt\">\n<div class=\"-firstRow\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"text-align: center;direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">VW-Polo<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"-R\" style=\"height: 0\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt\">\n<div class=\"-band1Horz\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Historical purchase price: 6<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">00-4000\u20ac<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: solid #4F81BD 1pt;border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1pt\">\n<div class=\"-band1Horz\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">Historical purchase price: 15 000\u20ac<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"-R\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: solid #4F81BD 1pt;border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1pt\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Weight: 35 kg<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: solid #4F81BD 1pt;border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1pt\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">Weight: 1100 kg<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"-R\" style=\"height: 0\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt\">\n<div class=\"-band1Horz\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Historical estimated costs: 0,002 \u20ac\/km <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;font-size: 8pt\">(maintenance + energy)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: solid #4F81BD 1pt;border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1pt\">\n<div class=\"-band1Horz\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">Historical estimated costs: 0,3 \u20ac\/km<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt\">(maintenance + petrol)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"-R\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: solid #4F81BD 1pt;border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1pt\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Reported consumption: 12<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">W.h\/km<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: solid #4F81BD 1pt;border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1pt\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">Reported consumption: 788W.h\/km<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"-R\" style=\"height: 0\">\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt\">\n<div class=\"-band1Horz\">\n<div class=\"-firstCol\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Direct emissions during use, reported CO2: 0 g<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold;vertical-align: sub;text-decoration: underline\">CO2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">\/km<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"-C\" style=\"width: 212.9pt;border-top: solid #4F81BD 1pt\">\n<div class=\"-band1Horz\">\n<p class=\"Normal-P\" style=\"direction: ltr\"><span class=\"Normal-H\">Direct emissions during use, reported CO2: 110 g<span style=\"vertical-align: sub;text-decoration: underline\">CO2<\/span>\/km<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<section class=\"buffy-editorial-sources\">\n<h2>References checked on 10 October 2026<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054478354\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">French Highway Code: vehicle category<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.service-public.gouv.fr\/particuliers\/vosdroits\/F2697\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Service Public: insurance according to vehicle type<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ebikes.ca\/product-info\/grin-products\/torque-arms.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Grin: torque arm function and fit<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ebikes.ca\/amfile\/file\/download\/file\/117\/product\/1167\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Grin: battery and motor currents, general technical reference<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Complete electric bike build: frame, hub motor, controller, battery, original photos and historical performance, with safety qualifications.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16682,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[199,111,127],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27048","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-decouvrir-en","category-ebike-installation","category-user-experience"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27048","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27048"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27048\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16682"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27048"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27048"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.power-e-bike.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27048"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}